A new study of over 400 international climate policy experts shows that there is no one universal solution for how countries can best reduce CO2 emissions.
The study, conducted by researchers from the University of Copenhagen and colleagues in Germany and Switzerland, points out, among other things, that climate policy should be tailored to the economic and geographical conditions of the individual country.
However, the experts agree on one thing: A CO2 border tax on imported goods receives broad support.
74 percent of those surveyed believe that a tax that matches the home country's CO2 price, as well as compensation for CO2-heavy exports, is necessary to avoid distortion of competition and CO2 leakage.
- Carbon border taxes have clearly become a central piece in the discussion on how to avoid distortion of competition and carbon leakage in connection with climate policy. And it is striking how broad the support is when you consider the legal and technical challenges associated with introducing CO2 border taxes, says Associate Professor of Economics Frikk Nesje from the University of Copenhagen, who is behind the study.
CO2 pricing creates disagreement
There is greater disagreement when it comes to CO2 pricing in general.
A majority of experts prefer taxes to trading in CO2 quotas, but here the country's income level and the experts' professional background play a major role.
In high-income countries such as the United States and Denmark, taxes are most often recommended, while quota trading is more frequently proposed in low-income countries, where it is considered easier to implement.
ap
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